Free-living pathogens: Life-history constraints and strain competition

Free-living pathogens: life-history constraints and strain competition.

Many pathogen life histories include a free-living stage, often with anatomical and physiological adaptations promoting persistence outside of host tissues. More durable particles presumably require that the pathogen metabolize more resources per particle. Therefore, we hypothesize functional dependencies, pleiotropic constraints, between the rate at which free-living particles decay outside of...

Glucocorticoid Manipulations in Free-Living Animals: Considerations of Dose Delivery, Life-History Context, and Reproductive State

Living History Living history: Elsworth

Tipton CM. Living history: Elsworth R. Buskirk. Adv Physiol Educ 33: 243–252, 2009; doi:10.1152/advan.00058.2009.—In 2005, the American Physiological Society (APS) initiated the Living History of Physiology Archival Program to recognize senior members who have made significant contributions during their career to the advancement of the discipline and the profession of physiology. Subsequently, ...

Multiple Life-History Stage Competition and its Effect on Coexistence

Explaining the long-term coexistence of many species in a complex ecosystem has been an important topic in both ALife and ecology for several decades. Neutral and niche theories have been developed in parallel to explain ecological patterns of coexistence. Among the niche theories, trade-offs between species seem to play important roles in the mechanism of most models proposed so far. One of th...

The Ecology of Stress: linking life-history traits with physiological control mechanisms in free-living guanacos

BACKGROUND Providing the context for the evolution of life-history traits, habitat features constrain successful ecological and physiological strategies. In vertebrates, a key response to life's challenges is the activation of the Stress (HPA) and Gonadal (HPG) axes. Much of the interest in stress ecology is motivated by the desire to understand the physiological mechanisms in which the environ...